RESUMO
A lo largo de las últimas décadas, el número de trasplantes pulmonares realizados como terapia final de muchas enfermedades respiratorias ha ido creciendo considerablemente, tanto en la población adulta como a nivel pediátrico. Sin embargo, se hace muy necesario estudiar las causas por las que su supervivencia es relativamente baja en comparación con otros trasplantes de órganos. Por ello, desde mediados del siglo pasado comenzaron a realizarse trasplantes pulmonares experimentales, cuya técnica ha ido mejorando, y se ha ampliado a distintas especies animales hasta llegar a los roedores. La ventaja que presentan estas especies pequeñas ha facilitado que el modelo quirúrgico se haya extendido y estandarizado, permitiendo estudiar diferentes aspectos relacionados con las enfermedades respiratorias. En esta revisión se analizan las distintas modalidades técnicas disponibles de trasplante experimental en rata y ratón, destacando tanto la técnica quirúrgica como la anestésica o la monitorización, así como las principales aportaciones generadas por el trasplante pulmonar murino
In recent years, the number of lung transplantations performed as the last option for many respiratory diseases has grown considerably, both in adults and children. However, the causes for the relatively short survival of lungs compared to other organ transplants still need to be studied. Techniques have improved since the 1950s when experimental lung transplantation began, and the different animal species used now include rodents. The advantage of using these small species is that the surgical model has been expanded and standardized, and different respiratory problems can be studied. In this review we examine the different technical strategies used in experimental transplantation in rats and mice, focusing on surgical techniques and anesthesia and monitoring methods, and highlighting the major contributions of mouse lung transplantation to the field
Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Ratos , Transplante de Pulmão , Transplante de Pulmão/veterinária , Modelos Animais , Sobrevivência de Tecidos/fisiologia , Anestesia , Reperfusão/veterinária , Lavagem Broncoalveolar/métodos , Experimentação Animal , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/tendências , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/veterinária , Atelectasia Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Período Perioperatório , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/veterináriaRESUMO
This article is a review of the most frequent disorders affecting the upper airway of cattle that are suitable for surgery. Information regarding the clinical signs, diagnostic methods, and the chemical restraint of cattle in respiratory distress are highlighted. Surgeries that can be performed in a field setting are thoroughly described.
Assuntos
Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/cirurgia , Dispneia/veterinária , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/veterinária , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/cirurgia , Animais , Bovinos , Dispneia/cirurgia , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/métodosRESUMO
An endobronchial polyp was visible radiographically and bronchoscopically in an 11-year-old, mixed-breed dog with a persistent cough. The polyp was removed by traction. Initial histological examination suggested it was a myxomatous fibroma. The cough resolved but recurred with polyp regrowth. Two additional lung masses became visible radiographically. The polyp was removed twice more at 6-month intervals. Euthanasia was performed 15 months after first presentation when coughing recurred soon after the final bronchoscopy. Histological examination revealed that the mass was a myxomatous sarcoma. The lung contained two other unrelated tumors: a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and a carcinoma of unknown origin.
